Table 2 Ethics work framework for citizen science, reframed from Banks [36]
From: Ethics framework for citizen science and public and patient participation in research
Type of ethics work | Translation to ethical citizen science |
|---|---|
Framing work | Being attentive to salient features of a situation and political listening (and viewing) Linking these features with structural mechanisms of marginalization Engaging in deliberations about these frames with citizen co-researchers and other stakeholders to co-create “new” frames |
Role work | Playing a role in relation to others (researcher and researched, academic, and activist) and negotiating these roles Taking a position: sometimes being partial to the voice that is the least-heard, sometimes being impartial to being perceived as an academic |
Emotion work | Being caring, compassionate, and empathic Building communicative spaces Seeing responsibilities of all involved in responding to others’ emotions |
Identity work | Working that others see and experience the virtues of a caring ethical participatory researcher, for example towards the Medical Research Ethics Committees, funds, colleagues, citizens and clients Dialogue and deliberation about the ethos of a citizen science researcher and what ‘goodness’ means in relation to the people citizen science researchers work with |
Reason work | Making decisions and justifying one’s decisions in ethically salient situations Conducting ethical reflections (individually and collaboratively) with those involved in the issue |
Relationship work | Building trust and safety with attention to power relations and dependency so that everyone is seen, heard and valued Engaging in dialogue and deliberation with people, creating an open space for the experiences and perspectives of citizens Working on mutual, non-judgmental relationships through arts-based approaches, including representational knowledge |
Performance work | Making visible aspects of this work to others Demonstrating oneself at work (accountability work) |