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Table 6 Subgroup interactions for meta-analysis of interventions

From: Improving understanding in the research informed consent process: a systematic review of 54 interventions tested in randomized control trials

Multimedia vs. control

 

# of studies

SMD

LL

UL

p-value

Control

     

Nonstandard

3

0.23

−0.41

0.88

0.8

Standard

4

0.37

−0.45

1.19

 

Overall

7

0.29

−0.22

0.8

 

Proctor present for control?

No

1

0.57

0.17

0.97

0.65

Yes

5

0.37

-0.44

1.17

 

Proctor present for intervention?

No

2

0.51

0.14

0.88

0.85

Yes

4

0.41

-0.52

1.34

 

Subjects

     

Patients

4

0.69

0.14

1.25

0.33

Volunteers

1

0.16

-0.76

1.09

 

Setting

     

Real

4

0.12

-0.65

0.89

0.25

Simulated

3

0.64

0.22

1.06

 

Enhanced consent form vs. control

 

# of studies

SMD

LL

UL

p-value

Control

     

Nonstandard

3

2.33

0.01

4.66

0.49

Standard

8

1.47

0.7

2.23

 

Proctor present in both groups?

No

7

2.6

1.33

3.88

0.01

Yes

2

0.33

-0.43

1.09

 

Subjects

     

Patients

4

2.56

0.69

4.44

0.59

Volunteers

5

1.94

0.66

3.23

 

Setting

     

Real

3

0.57

-0.06

1.19

0.01

Simulated

8

2.23

1.19

3.28

 

Extended discussion vs. control

 

# of studies

SMD

LL

UL

p-value

Proctor present in control group?

No

3

1.31

0.33

2.29

0.19

Yes

1

0.63

0.33

0.93

 

Subjects

     

Patients

2

1.33

-0.07

2.74

0.53

Volunteers

2

0.83

0.19

1.47

 

Setting

     

Real

1

2.06

1.61

2.52

0.01

Simulated

3

0.66

0.39

0.93

 
  1. Abbreviations: SMD Standard mean deviation, LL Lower limit, UL Upper limit.