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Table 8 Association between participants’ demographics and questionnaire domain scores (n = 967)

From: Perceptions, attitudes, and willingness of the public in low- and middle-income countries of the Arab region to participate in biobank research

 

Perceptions about Biobanks

Aspects of biobank research that affect willingness to donate biospecimens

Attitudes toward biobank research

Attitudes towards trust and privacy

Willingness to participate in  biobank research

Mean ± SD

p value

Mean ± SD

p-value

Mean ± SD

p value

Mean ± SD

p value

Mean ± SD

p value

Country

Egypt

4.2 ± 1.56

0.000

12.9 ± 3.7

0.000

15.4 ± 4.0

0.001

5.19 ± 1.56

0.000

7.25 ± 3.1

0.020

Morocco

4.2 ± 1.56

 

11.9 ± 1.7

 

14.4 ± 3.2

 

6.24 ± 1.77

 

6.4 ± 2.7

 

Jordan

4.56 ± 1.8

 

11.8 ± 1.7

 

14.19 ± 2.6

 

5.4 ± 1.47

 

6.5 ± 2.7

 

Sudan

4.8 ± 1.6

 

13.0 ± 2.6

 

14.74 ± 2.7

 

5.34 ± 1.62

 

7.05 ± 3.0

 

Area

Rural

4.476 ± 1.68

0.43

13.06 ± 3.34

0.22

14.98 ± 3.75

0.69

5.67 ± 1.67

0.001

6.84 ± 2.83

0.27

Urban

4.356 ± 1.68

 

12.71 ± 3.23

 

15.10 ± 3.60

 

5.25 ± 1.58

 

7.125 ± 3.07

 

Gender

Female

4.396 ± 1.63

0.80

12.44 ± 2.94

0.001

14.95 ± 3.43

0.32

5.433 ± 1.65

0.06

7.09 ± 3.05

0.91

Male

4.369 ± 1.73

 

13.03 ± 3.46

 

15.18 ± 3.78

 

5.241 ± 1.57

 

7.07 ± 3.02

 

Children

          

No

4.437 ± 1.68

0.25

12.688 ± 2.75

0.35

15.158 ± 3.60

0.51

5.333 ± 1.62

0.89

6.977 ± 2.91

0.25

yes

4.314 ± 1.69

 

12.882 ± 3.76

 

15.004 ± 3.67

 

5.319 ± 1.58

 

7.199 ± 3.17

 

Previous participation in research

No

4.389 ± 1.69

0.73

12.86 ± 3.35

0.06

15.123 ± 3.70

0.49

5.349 ± 1.61

0.33

7.208 ± 3.09

0.001

Yes

4.3392 ± 1.65

 

12.34 ± 2.69

 

14.906 ± 3.29

 

5.2137 ± 1.56

 

6.4215 ± 2.59

 

Age group

 < 40

4.388 ± 1.65

0.81

12.90 ± 3.47

0.02

15.225 ± 3.79

0.02

5.337 ± 1.61

0.69

7.127 ± 3.01

0.36

 > 40

4.357 ± 1.80

 

12.33 ± 2.34

 

14.614 ± 3.00

 

5.289 ± 1.58

 

6.913 ± 3.10

 

Medical condition

Healthy

4.3944 ± 1.70

0.55

12.834 ± 3.29

0.16

15.125 ± 3.66

0.41

5.338 ± 1.62

0.57

7.085 ± 3.03

0.87

Non-Healthy

4.2996 ± 1.62

 

12.408 ± 3.02

 

14.8467 ± 3.43

 

5.253 ± 1.46

 

7.038 ± 3.06

 

Education level

Less than University

4.47 ± 1.72

0.29

13.074 ± 3.48

0.06

15.44 ± 3.91

0.04

5.533 ± 1.67

0.01

7.551 ± 3.45

0.001

University and higher

4.345 ± 1.67

 

12.654 ± 3.15

 

14.93 ± 3.50

 

4.0745 ± 9.95

 

6.883 ± 2.82

 

Marital status

ever married

4.3572 ± 1.71

0.64

12.798 ± 3.58

0.83

14.994 ± 3.69

0.40

5.285 ± 1.57

0.40

7.11 ± 3.1

0.74

Never married

4.4076 ± 1.66

 

12.753 ± 2.87

 

15.1888 ± 3.57

 

5.371 ± 1.63

 

7.045 ± 2.95

 

Degree of religiosity

Not and Less than very religious

4.344 ± 1.75

0.77

13.358 ± 3.28

0.01

15.054 ± 3.62

0.90

5.3175 ± 1.57

0.94

7.047 ± 3.07

0.89

Very religious

4.388 ± 1.67

 

12.672 ± 3.24

 

15.094 ± 3.64

 

5.328 ± 1.61

 

7.084 ± 3.03

 

Awareness of the term “biobank”

No

4.352 ± 1.69

0.41

12.99 ± 3.45

0.00

15.248 ± 3.73

0.03

5.325 ± 1.61

0.98

7.305 ± 3.14

0.00

Yes

4.449 ± 1.68

 

12.27 ± 2.68

 

14.712 ± 3.36

 

5.328 ± 1.60

 

6.546 ± 2.70