Table 1 Mean differences between groups. In brackets the distribution of the respective parameter within both groups

Age (years, mean, SD)

54.6 ± 16.5

59.4 ± 15.8

Gender

52.1% (n = 1261) male

47.9% (n = 1161) female

52.1% (n = 86) male

47.9% (n = 79) female

OR: 1.002

[CI 0.731; 1.374]

Retirees

35.5% (n = 808) retirees

47% (n = 71) retirees

OR: 1.611

[CI 1.157; 2.243]

Country of birth in EU

96.8% (n = 2303) EU origin

96.9% (n = 157) EU origin

OR: 1.036

[CI 0.413; 2.598]

Nationality EU country

97.9% (n = 2347) EU nationality

98.8% (n = 159) EU nationality

OR: 1.694

[CI 0.408; 7.024]

Native language German

95.8% (n = 2277) native language German

97% (n = 159) native language German

OR: 1.411

[CI 0.567; 3.512]

Nursing home residents

0.58% (n = 14) nursing home residents

3% (n = 5) nursing home residents

OR: 5.348

[CI 1.903; 15.034]

Patients with private insurance

9.5% (n = 230) with private insurance

3.6% (n = 6) with private insurance

OR: 0.360

[CI 0.157; 0.822]

Under legal supervision

0.45% (n = 11) under legal supervision

2.4% (n = 4) under legal supervision

OR: 5446

[CI 1,715; 17,292]

Private relationship to staff

20.3% (n = 490) with relationship to staff

13.4% (n = 22) with relationship to staff

OR: 0.608

[CI 0.384; 0.963]

Professional medical background

9.8% (n = 237) with professional medical background

6.1% (n = 10) with professional medical background

OR: 0.593

[CI 0.308; 1.140]

Colonization with MDR pathogens

3.4% (n = 83) with MDR

10.3% (n = 17) with MDR

OR: 3.237

[CI 1.872; 5.597]

 > 1 surgical intervention

28.3% (n = 686) with > 1 surgical intervention

37.6% (n = 62) with > 1 surgical intervention

OR: 1.523

[CI 1.098; 2.113]