Table 2 Differences in regulations on informed consent in Germany, Poland and Russia
From: Normative framework of informed consent in clinical research in Germany, Poland, and Russia
| Germany | Poland | Russia | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Content of information | |||
| Scope of information | Selected information | Full information | Full information |
| Method of information | |||
| Language used | German binding, additional languages for comprehension facilitation | Polish | Russian |
| Form of consent and its withdrawal | |||
|
Verbal consent requirements | One witness | Two witnesses | One witness |
| Withdrawal of consent | Written or verbally | Not specified | Not specified |
| IC in research with vulnerable groups | |||
| Participation of incapacitated persons |
Assent required if feasible Consent required from legal representative |
Assent required if feasible Consent required from legal representative A guardianship court can override the decision of the legal representative | Consent required only from legal representative |
| Participation of minors |
Assent required if feasible Consent required from legal representative Withdrawal by expression of will |
Assent required if feasible Consent required from legal representative Withdrawal if able to understand the situation |
Inclusion not foreseen Consent required only from legal representative |
| Participation in emergency situations | Subsequent consent required as soon as possible | Not specified | Not specified |