Fig. 4

Pharmacist-reported availability (a, c) and utilization (b, d) of injectable (a, b) and non-injectable (c, d) medication formulations for managing OUD. Student-reported availability (e) and utilization (f) of medications used to manage OUD. The dotted line (a, c, e) indicates the scale midpoint. Data plotted as percentages (a, c, e) or mean ± SEM (b, d, f). Kruskal–Wallis with Dunn’s: ⁺⁺⁺p < 0.001 vs. SL/buccal buprenorphine; *p < 0.05 vs. Suboxone®; ****p < 0.0001 vs. Suboxone®; ^#p < 0.05 vs. Naloxone