Table 4 Cognitive and consciousness-related capacities used as grounds for granting great apes special protections
From: Should biomedical research with great apes be restricted? A systematic review of reasons
Capacity for | Mentions |
|---|---|
Social interaction | 14 |
Complex or sophisticated emotions | 13 |
Rational thought | 12 |
Intense suffering | 11 |
Self-awareness | 11 |
Post-traumatic disorders | 9 |
Sophisticated, human-like capacities (unspecified) | 8 |
Tool use | 7 |
Gestural communication | 7 |
Language acquisition | 6 |
Culture development | 5 |
Imitative learning | 5 |
Symbolic representation | 4 |
Abstract thought | 4 |
Prospective thinking or planning | 3 |
Working or episodic memory | 3 |
Mind reading | 3 |
Complex calculation | 2 |
Social deprivation | 2 |
Sense of humor | 2 |
Sophisticated, human-like capacities in infancy | 2 |
Personality development | 1 |
Social cooperation | 1 |