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Table 3 Percentage of respondents who selected each option

From: Perceptions of plagiarism by biomedical researchers: an online survey in Europe and China

Question

Percentage of total respondents (%, n = 1030)

Percentage of researchers in Europe (%, n = 826)

Percentage of researchers in China (%, n = 204)

P value*

Adjusted OR (95% CI)**

Question 15. Which factor(s) do you think decides whether a body of copied and unattributed text constitutes plagiarism or not?

 a. The length of the copied text

53.0

51.3

59.8

0.030

1.24 (0.86, 1.80)

 b. The part of the copied text

45.2

42.6

55.4

0.001

1.91 (1.32, 2.77)

 c. The presence of an intention to copy without attribution

75.3

77.4

67.2

0.002

0.59 (0.39, 0.89)

Question 16. Have you ever been unsure whether you are plagiarizing?

 a. Yes

31.3

34.5

18.1

<.001

0.41 (0.26, 0.64)

  1. aP values based on Chi square tests when comparing Europe and China
  2. b ORs (with 95% CIs) based on logistic regression analysis, with adjustment for demographic variables (including age, gender, academic position, PhD, international research experience). Reference is Europe