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Table 2 Studies with non-impaired participants employing qualitative research methods

From: Using brain-computer interfaces: a scoping review of studies employing social research methods

Publication

Data gaining methods

Data analyzing methods

Number of participants

Opinion towards BCI

Requests from technology

Others

Carmichael/ Carmichael, 2014 [83]

“participatory research”

none specified

10

uncertainty towards technology due to its novelty and tentative nature

more information

issues reported: cap, electrodes

Friedman et al., 2010 [54]

semi-structured interviews

none specified

10 + 3 (2 studies)

  

experiences of transparency of activities, sense of “presence” in VR, imagination of avatar as being (part of) themselves

Heidrich et al., 2015 [81]

participant observation

none specified

not specified

enjoyment

more efficiency

 

Lightbody et al., 2010 [46]

workshops, interviews

none specified

not specified

no discomfort regarding caps

more aesthetic and practical cap, integration of other devices and entertainment system, improvements in terms of handling difficulty and graphics

 

Mulvenna et al., 2012 [49]

focus groups, interviews, interactive workshops

none specified

23 + 17 (2 studies)

satisfaction, appreciation