Informed consent | |||
---|---|---|---|
Direct (n = 167) | Surrogate (n = 228) | P value | |
Number of patients | N = 167 | N = 228 | |
Age, y, mean ± SD | 63.5 ± 14.8 | 70.2 ± 14.1 | <0.0001 |
Men | 99 (59.3) | 112 (49.1) | 0.046 |
BMI, kg/m2, mean ± SD | 26.6 ± 5.1 | 26.6 ± 5.0 | 0.96 |
Qualifying event | |||
Ischemic stroke | 156 (93.4) | 202 (88.6) | 0.10 |
Brain haemorrhage | 11 (6.6) | 26 (11.4) | |
Risk factors | |||
Hypertension | 102 (61.1) | 144 (63.2) | 0.67 |
Diabetes | 29 (17.4) | 45 (19.7) | 0.58 |
Hypercholesterolemia | 70 (41.9) | 111 (48.7) | 0.18 |
Smokers | 59 (35.3) | 56 (24.6) | 0.020 |
Heavy drinkers | 27 (16.2) | 37 (16.4) | 0.96 |
Physical activity | 101 (61.2) | 94 (41.4) | 0.0001 |
History of stroke | 13 (7.8) | 36 (15.9) | 0.016 |
History of ischemic heart disease | 25 (15.0) | 57 (25.0) | 0.015 |
Heart failure | 8 (4.8) | 35 (15.4) | 0.0009 |
Peripheral arteriopathy | 8 (4.8) | 14 (6.2) | 0.54 |
Stroke severity | |||
GCS score <15 | 6 (3.6) | 90 (39.5) | <0.0001 |
NIHSS score, median (IQR) | 3 (1–5) | 12 (6–19) | <0.0001 |
NIHSS score >5 | 41 (24.6) | 178 (78.1) | <0.0001 |
Aphasia | 31 (18.6) | 119 (52.2) | <0.0001 |
Cognitive impairment (IQCODE > 78) | 58 (37.9) | 107 (49.8) | 0.024 |