From: Trust increases euthanasia acceptance: a multilevel analysis using the European Values Study
Independent variable | Null model | Modell 1 (individual-level trust variables) | Model 2 (model 1 plus sociodemographic control variables) | Model 3 (Model 2 plus control for autonomy values) | Model 4 (model 3 plus country level trust | Model 5 (model 4 plus country level control variables) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intercept | Â | 5.71** (23) | 7.10** (20) | 5.39** (.20) | 6.35** (.15) | 6.37** (.13) |
Individual level variables | Â | .14** (.03) | .06* (.03) | .06* (.03) | .06* (.03) | .06* (.03) |
General trust | ||||||
 Reference: not trusting | ||||||
Confidence in health care system | Â | - .05** (.02) | - .03 (.02) | - .03 (.02) | - .03 (.02) | - .03 (.02) |
Confidence in press | Â | .09** (.02) | .07** (.02) | .07** (.02) | .07** (.02) | .07** (.02) |
Confidence in state scale | Â | - .58** (.03) | -. 43** (.03) | - .42** (.03) | - .42** (.03) | - .42** (.03) |
Age | Â | Â | - .01** (.00) | - .01** (.00) | - .01** (.00) | - .01** (.00) |
Education | Â | Â | .14** (.01) | .13** (.01) | .13** (.01) | .13.** (.01) |
Gender male | Â | Â | - .01 (.03) | - .01 (.03) | - .01 (.03) | - .01 (.03) |
 Reference female | ||||||
Religiousness | Â | Â | - .57** (.02) | - .55** (.02) | - .55** (.02) | - .55** (.02) |
Religious denomination: | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Catholic |  |  | - .30** (.04) | - .27** (.04) | - .27** (.04) | - .27** (.04) |
 Muslim |  |  | - .79** (.07) | - .76** (.07) | - .76** (.07) | - .76** (.07) |
 Jewish |  |  | −1.05** (.32) | −1.02** (.32) | −1.02** (.32) | −1.02** (.32) |
 Protestant Free Church |  |  | −1.21** (.18) | −1.16** (.18) | −1.16** (.18) | −1.16** (.18) |
 Orthodox |  |  | - .05 (.05) | - .04 (.05) | - .04 (.05) | - .03 (.05) |
 Protestant |  |  | - .05 (.06) | - .05 (.06) | - .06 (.06) | - .06 (.06) |
 Other denomination |  |  | - .62** (.10) | - .56** (.10) | - .56** (.10) | - .56** (.10) |
Reference: non-denominational | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Valuing independence | Â | Â | Â | .26** (.03) | .26** (.03) | .26** (.03) |
Reference: not mentioned | ||||||
Internal locus of control | Â | Â | Â | .03** (.01) | .03** (.01) | .03** (.01) |
Moral relativism | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Moral relativism |  |  |  | .48** (.03) | .48** (.03) | .48** (.03) |
 Moral exceptionalism |  |  |  | .34** (.03) | .34** (.03) | .34** (.03) |
 Reference: moral absolutism |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Country level variables | Â | Â | Â | Â | 3.82** (.81) | 2.36* (0.98) |
General trust | ||||||
Health care confidence | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.00* (.42) | 1.09** (.32) |
Religiousness |  |  |  |  |  | −1.09** (.24) |
Denominational share protestants | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | - 1.85* (.69) |
Moral relativism country mean | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.23* (.56) |
Postmaterialism | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.15 (.74) |
Covariance Parameters | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Residual (individual level variance) | 8.35** (.05) | 8.22** (.05) | 7.73** (.05) | 7.67** (.05) | 7.67** (.05) | 7.67** (0.5) |
Intercept (country level variance) | 2.01** (.43) | 2.10** (.46) | 1.46** (.33) | 1.36** (.31) | .68** (.15) | .33** (.08) |
Model Fit Parameters | - | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Variance explained at the individual level (compared to null model) | Â | 1.68% | 7.43% | 8.14% | 8.14% | 8.14% |
Variance explained at the country level (compared to null model) | - | 0.00% | 27.36% | 32.34% | 66.17% | 83.85% |
AIC | - | 253955.181 | 250792.121 | 250460.903 | 250427,692 | 250393,525 |
BIC | - | 253972.872 | 250809.811 | 250478.593 | 250445,382 | 250411,215 |
Deviance (−2LL) | - | 253951.181 | 250788.121 | 250456,903 | 250423.692 | 250389,525 |
X2(df) (comparison with previous model) | - | X2 (4) =774.63 ** | X2(4) =3162.06 ** | X2(3) =331.22 ** | X2(2) =33,21** | X2(4) =34.17 ** |