Table 2 Attitudinal factors (Question 5 of the survey asked: “In thinking about the [ethically challenging situation you remember best], please tell us how strongly you agree or disagree with the following statements.)
From: Communication of patients’ and family members’ ethical concerns to their healthcare providers
A. Respondent-related attitudinal factors (N=468)a | |||||||
Factor (+/-)b | Strongly agree | Slightly agree | Slightly disagree | Strongly disagree | Missing | p-value for speaking with healthcare provider | p-value for comfortable discussion |
I wanted advice from the healthcare provider (+) | 189 (40%) | 76 (16%) | 36 (8%) | 53 (11%) | 114 (24%) | 0.013 | 0.16 |
I wanted to talk with someone else instead of the healthcare provider (-) | 94 (20%) | 60 (13%) | 67 (14%) | 137 (29%) | 110 (24%) | 0.59 | 0.0001 |
I didn’t feel ready to have this discussion (-) | 73 (16%) | 69 (15%) | 59 (13%) | 159 (34%) | 108 (23%) | 0.059 | 0.0001 |
I thought it was better for someone else in my family to talk with the healthcare provider (-) | 72 (15%) | 63 (13%) | 55 (12%) | 170 (36%) | 108 (23%) | 1.0000 | 0.0003 |
I didn’t know which person to talk to (-) | 61 (13%) | 83 (18%) | 56 (12%) | 158 (34%) | 110 (24%) | 0.50 | 0.0001 |
I felt powerless to voice my opinion (-) | 59 (13%) | 36 (8%) | 61 (13%) | 210 (45%) | 102 (22%) | 0.055 | 0.0001 |
I wasn’t sure if this situation was important (-) | 39 (8%) | 46 (10%) | 55 (12%) | 215 (46%) | 113 (24%) | 1.0000 | 0.39 |
I felt like I didn’t have enough privacy (-) | 30 (6%) | 36 (8%) | 61 (13%) | 230 (49%) | 111 (24%) | 0.86 | 0.26 |
I was embarrassed (-) | 29 (6%) | 29 (6%) | 47 (10%) | 254 (54%) | 109 (23%) | 0.28 | 0.0006 |
B. Healthcare provider-related attitudinal factors (N=468)a | |||||||
Factor (+/-)b | Strongly agree | Slightly agree | Slightly disagree | Strongly disagree | Missing | p-value for speaking with healthcare provider | p-value for comfortable discussion |
Healthcare provider seemed trustworthy (+) | 233 (50%) | 72 (15%) | 30 (6%) | 26 (6%) | 107 (23%) | 0.35 | 0.0008 |
Healthcare provider seemed kind (+) | 225 (48%) | 96 (21%) | 18 (4%) | 20 (4%) | 109 (23%) | 0.12 | 0.0001 |
Healthcare provider spoke in a way that was easy for me to understand (+) | 224 (48%) | 78 (17%) | 26 (6%) | 30 (6%) | 110 (24%) | 1.0000 | 0.0001 |
Healthcare provider was a good listener (+) | 190 (41%) | 98 (21%) | 35 (7%) | 38 (8%) | 107 (23%) | 0.62 | 0.0001 |
Healthcare provider seemed to fully understand the situation (+) | 182 (39%) | 102 (22%) | 37 (8%) | 36 (8%) | 111 (24%) | 0.87 | 0.0001 |
Healthcare provider seemed very busy (-) | 106 (23%) | 113 (24%) | 54 (12%) | 84 (18%) | 111 (24%) | 0.092 | 0.38 |
Healthcare provider was part of the problem (-) | 58 (12%) | 56 (12%) | 47 (10%) | 197 (42%) | 110 (24%) | 0.38 | 0.0001 |