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Table 7 Multivariate analysis of student self-reported attitudes and behaviours related to cheating and stealing*

From: Self-reported attitudes and behaviours of medical students in Pakistan regarding academic misconduct: a cross-sectional study

Explanatory variables

Female

Clinical

Private medical college

Formally studied ethics

Scenarios related to plagiarism

CPR (95% CI) APR (95% CI)

CPR (95% CI) APR (95% CI)

CPR (95% CI) APR (95% CI)

CPR (95% CI) APR (95% CI)

A student cheats in an examination.

        

a. The student is wrong.

1.2 (0.96, 1.5)

1.1 (0.9, 1.4)

0.7 (0.6, 0.9)

0.8 (0.6, 0.99)

1.3 (1.1, 1.6)

1.1, (0.9, 1.5)

0.6 (0.5, 0.8)

0.8 (0.6, 1.1)

b. Have done or would consider doing the same.

0.6 (0.4, 0.8)

0.6 (0.4, 0.9)

1.7 (1.2, 2.4)

1.3 (0.9, 1.9)

0.6 (0.4, 0.8)

0.8 (0.5, 1.2)

1.98 (1.4, 2.7)

1.4 (0.9, 2.2)

A student reports that another student was cheating during an examination.

        

a. The student is wrong.

0.8 (0.6, 1.1)

0.9 (0.7, 1.2)

1.7 (1.3, 2.2)

1.6 (1.2, 2.2)

0.8 (0.6, 1.1)

0.9 (0.7, 1.3)

1.3 (1.0, 1.8)

1.0 (0.7, 1.5)

b. Have done or would consider doing the same.

0.9 (0.6, 1.5)

0.9 (0.5, 1.4)

0.8 (0.5, 1.3)

0.8 (0.4, 1.3)

1 (0.6, 1.6)

0.8 (0.5, 1.4)

0.7 (0.4, 1.3)

0.7 (0.4, 1.4)

A model goes missing from the Anatomy lab and a student who is aware of the culprit reports the information to the concerned faculty/staff.

        

a. The student is wrong.

0.8 (0.5, 1.2)

0.8 (0.5, 1.3)

1.2 (0.8, 1.8)

1.2 (0.8, 1.8)

1.0 (0.7, 1.6)

1.1 (0.7, 1.8)

1.1 (0.7, 1.7)

1.1 (0.6, 1.9)

b. Have done or would consider doing the same.

1.1 (0.8, 1.5)

1 (0.7, 1.4)

0.7 (0.5, 0.95)

0.8 (0.5, 1.1)

1.97 (1.3, 2.9)

1.6 (1, 2.5)

0.5 (0.3, 0.7)

0.6 (0.4, 1.2)

  1. *Agreement with the scenario stems i.e. a response of “Yes”, is reported here in absolute numbers out of total number of respondents in the sub-group and corresponding percentages. Remaining responses were either “No” or “Not sure”. Not all respondents provided an answer to each scenario/question. Significant differences are in bold text.